املنهجية الشاملة لتعلم اللغة إلانجليزية - Methodology Comprehensive English Learning

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1 Comprehensive English Learning Methodology تعلم اللغة إلانجليزية في 081 يوم املنهجية الشاملة لتعلم اللغة إلانجليزية Dr. Aboubakar Idriss 1

2 Comprehensive English Learning Methodology املنهجية الشاملة لتعلم اللغة إلانجليزية Copyright 2014 by Aboubakar Idriss All rights reserved. This book or any portion thereof may not be reproduced or used in any manner whatsoever without the express written permission of the author of the book except for the use of brief quotations in a book review. I S B N First Edition Published in Canada 2

3 الفهرس املوضوع الصفحة مقدمة... 4 مميزات الكتاب... 7 أهداف الكتاب... 8 املنهجية الشاملة لتعلم اللغة إلانجليزية... 8 املوقع إلالكتروني كيف تستفيد من الكتاب Level Level Level 3 جدول الكلمات الجديدة قائمة املراجع

4 0. مقدمة بعد أن أنهيت دراسة الثانوية العامة وكأي شاب يطمح إلكمال دراسته الجامعية لم تكن الخيارات أمامي كثيرة ولكن كانت أحلمي كبيرة. ومهما كانت الجامعة التي كنت أرغب الدراسة فيها أو الدولة التي أردت السفر إليها كان هناك عامل مشترك في كل تلك الخيارات أال وهو اللغة إلانجليزية. كنت حريصا بشكل كبير على أن تكون دراستي الجامعية باللغة إلانجليزية. فاللغة إلانجليزية هي اللغة ألاهم عامليا حيث تستخدم في مجاالت التعليم التجارة والبحث العلمي. كما أنها ثالث أكثر لغة تحدثا في العالم بعد لغات املاندرين )الصينية( وألاسبانية. وعندما بدأت الدراسة الجامعية أدركت فعل أنني أحسنت لاختيار بحرص ي على الدراسة في جامعة ت درس باللغة إلانجليزية ألنني وجدت الخيارات أمامي أكثر عندما أكون متحدثا باللغة إلانجليزية. فاملراجع العلمية املهمة الكثير منها باللغة إلانجليزية فقط كما أنني أحسست بنوع من التغير في وضعي إلاجتماعي عندما يدرك من حولي أنني أجيد اللغة إلانجليزية. وأتذكر عندما بدأت الدراسة الجامعية وكما هو متبع في كل الجامعات التي ت درس باللغة إلانجليزية بدأ أول فصل دراس ي بدراسة اللغة إلانجليزية والحمد هلل أكملت مرحلة اللغة في أربعة أشهر وبدأت الدراسة الجامعية مباشرة إال أنني رأيت الكثير من الذين بدأوا قبلي والكثير ممن درسوا بعدي تستغرق الدراسة معهم تقريبا سنة وهذا ليس لقلة ذكائهم أو قلة إجتهادهم ولكني في تلك املرحلة لم أكن أدرك تماما ماهو السبب. ملاذا فلن يدرس في نفس الفصل مع علن ومستواهم قبل بداية الدراسة متقارب ولكن فلن يبدأ يتكلم اللغة بشكل أفلل وأسرع من علن كنت متأكدا أن هناك سبب أو أسباب ولكن لم تتضح الرؤية لي بشكل علمي بعد. وبعد أن أنهيت دراستي وبدأت حياتي العملية أدركت أكثر مدى أهمية اللغة إلانجليزية حيث لاجتماعات والرسائل إلالكترونية والعروض املرئية (Presentations) التي تحتاج تقديمها لإلدارة أو العملء كلها تحتاج إتقان اللغة إلانجليزية. لذلك أحد أسباب نجاحي في مجالي العملي وتفوقي ( بعد توفيق هللا سبحانه وتعالى( كان إجادتي للغة إلانجليزية. بعد أكثر من 51 سنة من إنهائي دورة اللغة إلانجليزية في الجامعة أدركت أن سبب تأخر البعض في تعلم اللغة ومجابهة صعوبات جمة إلى درجة التعقد من اللغة إلانجليزية اليعود إلى قدرات الدارس الذهنية أو الشخصية أو جودة التعليم بذاته ولكن يعود إلى عاملين أساسيين: 4

5 0. عقلية الطالب وهو يدرس اللغة إلانجليزية. فتجد الكثير يعامل اللغة إلانجليزية كأنها مادة فيبدأ بحفظ الكلمات وحفظ قواعد اللغة إلانجليزية وترجمة كل كلمة في السطر. كما تجد البعض يحفظ املقاالت املختلفة وكل ذلك لينجح في إلاختبار ويندر استخدامه لعامل املمارسة املستمرة تنشيط لاستماع أو محاولة "التفكير" باللغة إلانجليزية. قد يقول قائل إذا كنت موجودا في مجتمع غربي فإنني سأمارس بشكل أكثر وأنني في مجتمع عربي لان وال أجد من أمارس معه. مارأيته في دول مثل ماليزيا وكندا أقنعني أن من عقليته غير متلئمة مع دراسة اللغة ال يهم أين هو فسيجد أعذارا لعدم املمارسة. وأن من عقليته متلئمة مع تعلم اللغة إلانجليزية حتى لو كان في قرية صغيرة في شعاب مكة سيجد طريقة يمارس بها. رأيت بأم عيني أناسا في كندا وماليزيا لهم فيها سنوات طويلة واليستطيعون تحدث اللغة إلانجليزية جيدا. وقابلت أناسا درسوا كل حياتهم داخل دول خليجية ويتحدثون بطلقة واحترفية عالية. املكان له دور ولكن ألاهم هو العقلية املناسبة وإلارادة. 2. طريقة تعلم اللغة إلانجليزية. النقصد هنا مايحدث داخل الفصل اليهم في أي معهد أو جامعة تدرس ألن أساليب تدريس اللغة إلانجليزية متقاربه عامليا فاملناهج متقاربة وقواعد اللغة إلانجليزية هي نفسها والتختلف من معهد لغة إلى آخر. ولكن مانقصده هنا مايحدث خارج الفصل. كيف تمارس الكتابة و كيف تتعلم الكلمات جديدة وماهي الكلمات التي يجب التركيز على تعلمها. فتجد الطالب الذي تعلم اللغة بشكل سريع أنه في الغالب سار على طريقة ناجحة ومجربة. وفي الغالب كان يمارس كثيرا وكان يركز على تعلم الكلمات التي يكثر استخدامها وممارستها والخلط بين القراءة الكتابة إلاستماع واملحادثة. وخلل فترة دراستي اللغة إلانجليزية كان مدرس ي املفلل مدرس كندي وكان هو املفلل لدي ألنه كان يعطيني الكثير من النصائح "العملية" التي ساعدت في تطوير مهاراتي اللغوية. وكان أحد تلك النصائح هو كثرة القراءة وإعادة كتابة ما قرأت. ومع مررو الوقت أخذت تلك النصيحة تتطور وتأخذ أشكاال متعددة إلى أن نضجت لان لتصبح "الطريقة الشاملة لتعلم اللغة إلانجليزية" في 581 يوم. وهذه الطريقة هي ع صارة التجارب التي مررت بها في مرحلة تعلمي اللغة إلانجليزية وماواجهته من متطلبات أكاديمية وعملية مختلفة والتي أعطتني تصورا أكثر عن أهمية الكثير من املهارات املرتبطة باللغة إلانجليزية والتي ال تجد تركيزا من معاهد اللغة إلانجليزية وأغلب ك تب تعليم اللغة إلانجليزية مثل توسيع قاعدة الكلمات التي تستخدمها والتي تعرفها تطوير املهارات ألاساسية ألاربعة )القراءة الكتابة إلاستماع املحادثة( بشكل متلزم فلألسف تجد بعض املعاهد تركز على الكتابة أكثر وبعلها يركز على املحادثة أكثر ونحو ذلك. 5

6 نحن على ثقة أن هذه الطريقة إن طبقت كما هو مبين في الكتاب واتبع الطالب الخطة املوضوعة في مدة املائة والثمانين يوما فسيتمكن الطالب بإذن هللا من القراءة والكتابة والتحدث ولاستماع بمستوى جيد جدا وسيتمكن من إكمال دراسته الجامعية أو العمل في بيئة تستخدم فيها اللغة إلانجليزية بشكل أساس ي بدون مشاكل كما سيتمكن من إضافة اللغة إلانجليزية في سيرته الذاتية كأحد اللغات التي يجيدها. وأتوجه بالشكر هلل سبحانه وتعالى الذي أعاننا على إكمال هذا الكتاب ونسأل هللا أن يكتب في فيه الخير والعون ملافيه خير الدنيا ولاخره. اخوكم د.أبوبكر إدريس السالمي 6

7 2. مميزات الكتاب يهدف الكتاب إلى توفير قالب تعليمي وخارطة طريق سهلة لاستخدام من قبل كل أطياف املجتمع لتعلم اللغة إلانجليزية وإتقانها. سواء الراغبين في تعلم اللغة إليجاد فرصة عمل أفلل أو الراغبين في تعلم اللغة إلانجليزية إلكمال الدراسة أو الراغبين في تعلم اللغة من أجل التجارة. في كل هذه الحاالت يواجه الراغب في التعلم الكثير من التحديات عند تعلمه اللغة إلانجليزية منها: العامل النفس ي من رهبة أو خوف للمبتدئين. وجود خيارات متعددة يصعب من خللها تحديد أفلل معهد مع ارتفاع سعر بعض املعاهد. عدم القدرة على إيجاد أشخاص ملمارسة تحدث اللغة إلانجليزية معهم. عدم معرفة أنسب الطرق "لفهم" اللغة إلانجليزية مع لاعتماد الكلي على الحفظ الذي لن يجدي. قواعد اللغة إلانجليزية (Grammar) تسبب أرقا كبيرا للطلب. والسبب الحقيقي لذلك أن الكثير يحفظها واليمارسها. الخوف من إختبارات TOEFL و IELTS وصعوبة في النجاح فيها عند البعض. وألاسباب هي قلة ممارسة اللغة و ضعف مخزون الكلمات.(Vocabulary( شخصيا عندما دخلت اختبار IELTS قبل سنوات ملت راجعت فقط ليلة لاختبار وأحرزت 7 في لاختبار. والسبب هو استخدامي لهذه الطريقة وممارستي اللغة إلانجليزية. التركيز على جانب واحد مثل املحادثة أو الكتابة مما يسبب خلل في مستوى اللغة إلانجليزية. فتجد طالبا مثل يتحدث بشكل جميل ولكنه اليستطيع كتابة مقال أكاديمي واحد! وجود عقدة من تعلم اللغة إلانجليزية نتيجة لسوء التدريس أو لوجود محاوالت سابقة غير ناجحة في تعلم اللغة إلانجليزية. وجود ضيق في الوقت نتيجة لانشغال بالعمل أو وجود صعوبة في السفر للخارج نتيجة لارتباطات العائلية. وجود التزامات مادية تجعل عملية ترك العمل لدراسة اللغة خيارا غير ممكن. لذلك سعينا في هذا الكتاب إلى التغلب على كل هذا املصاعب في آن واحد وإيجاد طريقة تحدث ثورة في عالم تعلم اللغة إلانجليزية وبإذن هللا تعالى سيوفر هذا الكتاب ملن يتبع خطواته بحذافيرها طريقة ذاتية وسهلة لاتباع مع إشراف من فريق الطريقة الشاملة لتعلم اللغة إلانجليزية 7

8 للوصول ملرحلة جيدة جدا في اللغة إلانجليزية. لن تحتاج بعد لان لدفع مبالغ طائلة لدراسة اللغة إلانجليزية أو الشعور باإلحباط منها أو مواجهة مصاعب جمة في التوفيق بين الدراسة والعمل أو متطلبات الحياة ألاخرى. الطريقة الشاملة هي طريقتك امللمونة وألاكيدة بإذن هللا لتعلم اللغة إلانجليزية بناء على وقت فراغك مع عدم التأثير على مشاغلك ألاخرى كما أنها مبنية على أسس علمية وخبرات متراكمة. حيث مرت بمراحل كثيرة من التعديل والتطوير استمرت سنوات لتخرج لكم بحلتها الحالية الطريقة الشاملة غير متوفرة في أي كتاب آخر او أي منهج آخر وهذا الكتاب هو طريقك الوحيد لها. 3. أهداف الكتاب مشاركة راغبي تعلم اللغة إلانجليزية بطريقة جديدة وغير متوفرة في أي كتاب آخر. توفير بيئة ملمارسة اللغة إلانجليزية بأسلوب فعال وم جرب. توسيع قاعدة الكلمات التي يعرفها الطالب فبالتالي سيشعر الطالب بسهولة تعلم اللغة إلانجليزية. تقوية مستوى الكتابة لدى الطالب. ملن يريد تعلم اللغة إلانجليزية للدراسة أو العمل فقوة مستوى الكتابة هي مهارة مهمة جدا. تعريف الطالب بأهم الكلمات والجمل والصيغ البلغية في اللغة إلانجليزية. فبالتالي تسهيل عملية النجاح في إختبارات TOEFL و.IELTS املنهجية الشاملة لتعلم اللغة إلانجليزية.4 املنهجية الشاملة لتعلم اللغة إلانجليزية Methodology( )Comprehensive English Learning هي طريقة من إبتكار مؤلف الكتاب وتعتمد على تطوير اللغة إلانجليزية ذاتيا مع وجود إشراف محدود وذلك بتطوير مستوى اللغة إلانجليزية من خلل التعلم بالتكرار. ونظرية التكرار ليست أمرا جديدا في عالم التعليم حتى إذا نظرنا إلى شريعتنا إلاسلمية سنجد تكرارا في القران الكريم في ذكر قصص إلانبياء وفي الكثير من ألاحكام الشرعية. مثل سنجد أن قصة نوح عليه السلم تكررت في سورألاعراف ويونس وهود واملؤمنون والعنكبوت والشعراء والصآفات والقمر والحديد والتحريم ونوح. كما وردت قصة آدم عليه السلم في سور البقرة و آل عمران و ألاعراف و إلاسراء و طه و ص و الكهف و الحجر. فكرر هللا سبحانه وتعالى 8

9 هذه القصص لنا حتى يستقر املعنى واملغزى منها. كما أن التكرار كان أحد أساليب املصطفى هللا ىلص في تعليم الححابة. حيث روي عن أنس رض ي هللا عنه أن النبي هللا ىلص كان إذا تكلم بكلمة أعادها ثلثا حتى ت فهم عنه وإذا أتى على قوم فسلم عليهم سلم عليهم ثلث رواه البخاري. وأيلار روى مسلم في صحيحه حدثنا شيبان بن فروخ حدثنا أبو عوانة عن سهيل عن أبيه عن أبي هريرة عن النبي هللاىلص قال: رغم أنف ثم رغم أنف ثم رغم أنف قيل من يا رسول هللا قال من أدرك أبويه عند الكبر أحدهما أو كليهما فلم يدخل الجنة. فكرر الرسول هللاىلص عبارة " رغم أنف" لتأكيد على أهمية ماسيأتي بعدها. لذلك هناك حكمة نبوية في التكرار ثلث مرات من أجل التعليم أو إيصال رسالة معينة. كما ذكر الشيخ د.سلمان العودة حفظه هللا أن " من أفلل طرق التعلم والتربية التكرار فإذا كنت ال تسأم من التكرار لنص تريد حفظه أو عمل تريد اكتسابه كعادة فأبشر بالفرص الجميلة واملستقبل الواعد". والتعليم بالتكرار ليس غريبا على برامج تعليم اللغة إلانجليزية فنظرية Pimsleur الشهيرة هي أفلل نموذج لذلك. طورها Paul Pimsleur بين أعوام ميلدي أثناء تدريسه في جامعة كاليفورنيا. وتعتمد هذه النظرية على لاستماع مللفات صوتية ومن ثم التكرار. ولكن ماقمنا به نحن من خلل املنهجية الشاملة لتعلم اللغة إلانجليزية وحتى يكون أسلوب التعليم تفاعليا غير ممل وفعال في آن واحد مزجنا مابين التكرار والفهم وإلاشراف من قبل مدرس متخصص. النظرية الشاملة ستساعدك على تدريب نفسك على فهم اللغة إلانجليزية أوال وقبل كل ش يء. ومع أن هناك تكرار للطريقة إال أن مايكرر يختلف من يوم إلى آخر في البرنامج املوضوع في هذا الكتاب. لذلك وبناء على ماذكر أعله نستطيع تعريف التكرار في هذا الكتاب على أنه تأكيد وتقرير املراد تعلمه نصا ومعنى. باإلضافة إلى ذلك عدد كلمات اللغة إلانجليزية املستخدمة بشكل يومي هي كلمة ولكن الشخص الذي يتحدث اللغة إلانجليزية كلغة أم Tongue( )Mother يعرف مابين كلمة فقط. وأكد البروفسور بول نيشين خبير اللغويات في جامعة فيكتوريا أن الشخص العادي يحتاج معرفة كلمة حتى يستمتع بقراءة أي كتاب باللغة إلانجليزية. لذلك من خلل هذا الكتاب ستتعلم على ألاقل كلمة جديدة مع كيفية إستخدامها مما سيجعلك إن شاء هللا تجيد اللغة إلانجليزية قراءة وكتابة وتحدث وإستماع. 9

10 تتألف املنهجية الشاملة لتعلم اللغة إلانجليزية Methodology( )Comprehensive English Learning من ثلث مستويات وهي تتدرج في الصعوبة تصاعديا حيث املستوى ألاول هو ألاكثر سهولة واملستوى الثالث هو ألاقل سهولة. يحتوي كل مستوى على ستين مقاال بمجموع مائة وثمانين مقاال. تم اختيار هذه املقاالت بعناية حتى نستطيع الوص ول ألهداف الكتاب. في املقاالت هناك تركيز كبير على أسماء العلم والصيغ البلغية. وذلك ألننا من دون أن نعرف أسماء ألاشياء وكيفية استخدامها سيصعب علينا الحديث مع غيرنا أو الكتابة أو التعبير. وهذا ينطبق على اللغة إلانجليزية وعلى غيرها. كما أن معرفة أسماء ألاعلم وماهيتها كانت من ألامور ألاولى التي علمها هللا سبحانه وتعالى آلدم عليه السلم كما قال تعالى ( وعلم آدم ألاسماء كلها( وذلك ألهمية هذا ألامر وألنه ألاساس والقاعدة العامة. واملقاالت مليئة بالعبارات التعبيرية التي ت ستخدم في املحادثة. فبالتالي لن تتكون لديك كلمات جديدة بشكل يومي فقط بل ستتدرب على استخدامها الححيح. مقاالت املستوى ألاول قصيرة قد تتمكن من التدرب على أكثر من واحدة في اليوم إن كان ألامر كذلك فل بأس املهم أن تفهم كل مقال تماما وتفهم كل كلمة جديدة عليك فيه وتتعلم كيفية تهجئتها بشكل سليم. املقاالت هي عبارة عن قصص قصيرة قصص طويلة وأخرى منوعة بعلها قصص من الشرق وبعلها من الغرب وبعلها من السيرة النبوية. قصدنا التنويع حتى تتسع قاعدة كلماتك وكيفية إستخدامها. مع كل مقال ستتوفر ثلث مساحات فارغة إلعادة كتابة املقال ولكن املنهجية اللتي يعاد فيها كتابة املقال هي كالتالي: اقرأ املقال بصوت جهوري )مرتين(. تخيل أنك في فصل دراس ي وطلب منك قراءة فقرة من الكتاب أمام باقي الفصل ثم قم بقراءة املقال.0 بنفس املستوى الصوتي. التكترث بأن بعض الكلمات التستطيع نطقها والتكترث بالكلمات التي لم تفهمها املسألة تدريجية. قراءة املقال بصوت مرتفع بمفردك او حتى بوجود أصدقاء أو العائلة في البيت سيعطيك ثقة بالنفس على التحدث باللغة إلانجليزية وسيوفر لك فرصة تدريب التحدث لديك بدون إلاحساس بالخجل. البعض يخطئ ويركز على إلاستماع دون القراءة وتطويرها. ننححك وأنت تقرأ املقاالت بأن تقوم بتسجيل صوتك) مثل بإستخدام هاتفك النقال( ومن ثم إستمع لنفسك والحظ كيفية نطقك للكلمات ومن ثم إستخدم أي قاموس ناطق لديك أو من خلل إلانترنت وتعرف على كيفية نطق الكلمة بشكل صحيح. ثم قارن ذلك مع نطقك وأعد املحاولة مرة أخرى. هذه الطريقة فعالة جدا في تطوير النطق ومهارة املحادثة. وبإمكانك أيلا إلاحتفاظ بتلك التسجيلت حتى تقارن مستواك وأنت في أول الكتاب مع مستواك عندما تصل إلى املقاالت ألاخيرة. نحن واثقون إن شاء هللا بأنك ستجد فرق شاسع وتحسن كبير جدا. 10

11 2. اكتب في املساحة لاولى ما فهمته مما قرأت )على شكل مقال(. حتى لو لم تفهم إال جملة واحدة قم بكتابة تلك الجملة ( باللغة إلانجليزية(. بما أن املسألة هي تتعلق "بفهمك" ملاقرأت التكترث إذا كان ماكتبته غير مطابق ملافي املقال كلمة بكلمة. ال تكترث بالتهجئة )Spelling( في هذه املرحلة املهم أن تكتب مافهمته. وإن لم تفهم أي ش يء على إلاطلق تذكر أن اللغة إلانجليزية ليست لغتك لذلك ليس عيبا أن التفهم شيئا. قم بترجمة ثلثة كلمات في كل سطر ( كحد أقص ى( ثم قم بإعادة القراءة. ستجد أنك فهمت بعلا مما في املقال. ( قم بالترجمة فقط إذا لم تفهم أي ش يء على إلاطلق(. 3. قم بإعادة قراءة املقال للمرة الثانية )مرتين أيضا( ولكن لان ابدأ بترجمة الكلمات التي لم تفهمها بحيث تترجم بحد اقص ى ثلث كلمات في السطر الواحد ( في حال انك قمت بالترجمة في الخطوة ألاولى ترجم كلمة واحدة فقط(. استخدم قاموسك الخاص أو برامج الترجمة املجانية على هاتفك الجوال او إلانترنت وترجم الكلمات مع لاستماع لكيفية نطقها. عندما تشغل خاصية نطق الكلمة قم بالترديد ( كرر عملية لاستماع ثم الترديد ثلث مرات(. ترجمة ثلث كلمات في السطر كفيلة بجعلك تفهم املعنى العام للسطر أو الجملة. هنا ستتطور عملية الفهم لديك مع تعلم كلمات جديدة وكيفية نطقها! وعملية النطق هذه ستطور من لهجتك إلانجليزية بشكل تدريجي وفعال. 4. قم بتسجيل الكلمات الجديدة التي تعلمتها في الجدول املخصص للكلماتك الجديدة في آخرالكتاب ثم أعد كتابة ما فهمته من املقال في املساحة الثانية. ستجد أن ما كتبته في املساحة الثانية أكثر مماكتبته في املساحة لاولى. وهذا سيعطيك دافعا للتعلم أكثر وستشعر أنك ستستطيع إن شاء هللا تعلم اللغة إلانجليزية. في جدول الكلمات الجديدة ستجد ثلثة أمثلة عن كيفية تعبئة جدول الكلمات الجديدة بشكل صحيح. الجدول سيمتلئ سريعا لذلك قم بعمل نماذج مماثلة له في كراسة خارجية. الان 5. اقرأ املقال للمرة لاخيرة )مرة واحدة( مع ملحظة الكلمات التي ترجمتها سابقا ثم اكتب مافهمته في املساحة الثالثة مع استخدام قاموس للتأكد من استخدام التهجئة الححيحة. ( تأكد من التهجئة الححيحة فقط عند كتابة املقال في املساحة الثالثة(. ال تكترث بقواعد اللغة ألنك من خلل "فهمك" للمقال فهمت بعض قواعد اللغة معه. ومن خلل الخطوة السادسة سيساعدك مدرس محترف على تطوير هذه املهارة. مع العلم أن الخطوة السادسة هي إختيارية. إذا هنالك من ألاصدقاء أو العائلة من هم متخصص في اللغة إلانجليزية بإمكانك عرض املقال ألاخير عليهم لتقديم النحح واملشورة الننحح بعرضه على شخص غير متخصص. 11

12 6. انشر ماكتبته في املساحة الثالثة في املوقع إلالكتروني الخاص باملنهجية الشاملة لتعلم اللغة إلانجليزية واملطور خصيصا وحصريا لهذا الغرض. وسيتم قراءة مقالك من قبل خبراء متخصصين في اللغة إلانجليزية وسيتم الرد عليك بمايلزم من تححيح مع الشرح حتى تستفيد أكثر. وهذه خدمة بإمكانك إلاشتراك فيها بناء على باقات معروضة على موقع الكتاب English.proffg.com( )سيتم إضفاء ضوء أكثر عن آلية املوقع إلالكتروني للمنهجية في القسم التالي من هذا الكتاب. 7. كرر هذه العملية ملدة ٠٨١ يوما وهي عدد املقاالت في الكتاب. للحصول على أفلل النتائج كرر هذه العملية يوميا. ستأخذ منك هذه الطريقة دقيقة يوميا. ولكن في حالة انشغالك تأكد أن تطبق هذه الطريقة على ألاقل اربعة ايام في ألاسبوع. 5. املوقع إلالكتروني من أجل توفير خدمة مميزة وغير مسبوقة للراغبين في تعلم اللغة إلانجليزية من خلل املنهجية الشاملة لتعلم اللغة إلانجليزية تم تطوير موقع إلكتروني خاص بالكتاب )english.proffg.com( سيوفر املوقع املميزات الحصرية التالية: التسجيل في املوقع سيكون متاحا للجميع مجانا. لاستفادة من كل أقسام املنتدى متاحة للجميع ماعدى منتدى املقاالت. سيتمكن من الدخول على منتدى املقاالت فقط املشتركين. سيتمكنوا من خلله من رفع مقاالتهم وسيتم تححيحه والرد عليهم من قبل مدرسين لغة إنجليزية متخصصين. تفاصيل إلاشتراك متوفرة في املوقع.(English.proffg.com( تأكد من قراءة املواضيع املثبتة في املنتدى تلك املواضيع ستوضح لك الكيفية الححيحة لكتابة املقال في املنتدى. ستستطيع من خلل املوقع التعرف على آخرين لديهم نفس الكتاب والتنسيق بينكم لكتابة املقاالت سويا أو ممارسة اللغة إلانجليزية. كما ستتمكن من خلل املوقع من مناقشة مواضيع مختلفة خاصة باللغة إلانجليزية وسيشارك معك الحوار مدرسين لغة إنجليزية يحتوي املوقع على ألاقسام الرئيسية التالية: الصفحة الرئيسية: وفيها ستجد الفيديو التعريفي بالكتاب وأراء بعض الذين اطلعوا على الكتاب. 12

13 عن املنهجية: ومن خلل هذه الصفحة ستتمكن من التعرف على املنهجية الشاملة عن قرب املنتدى: في هذه الصفحة ستجد املنتدى الذي من خلله ستتمكن من إرسال املقاالت للمدرسين املشاركة في املنتدى العام وإرسال أي اقتراحات أو استفسارات لنا. املنتديات ستكون مفتوحة للجميع ماعدى منتدى املقاالت فهو خاص باملشتركين. تأكد من لاطلع على املواضيع "املثبتة" دائما. إلاشتراكات: في هذه الصفحة ستجد معلومات عن باقات إلاشتراك املختلفة. مصادر تعليمية. هذه الصفحة هي املكتبة إلالكترونية للموقع وستجد فيها الكثير من الصوتيات واملرئيات التي ستساعدك على تطوير لغتك إلانجليزية. كما ستجد من خللها مواد عن تحلير IELTS و.TOEFL 6. كيف تستفيد من الكتاب الكثير من الكتب تحتوي الجميل من املقال واملفيد من املحتوى.ولكن عدم استخدامها لاستخدام ألامثل أو عدم تطبيق املحتوى كما ينبغى قد يؤدي إلى عدم لاستفادة القصوى منها. لذلك سنلع أمامك مجموعة من النقاط التي ستساعدكم على لاستفادة من الكتاب والوصول إلى هدفكم أال وهو تعلم اللغة إلانجليزية وإتقانها. أوال بإمكان إلانسان أي إنسان تحقيق أي هدف كان إذ عمل باألسباب التي توصله إلى ذلك الهدف. كما أن بإمكان أي إنسان الوصول إلى أي هدف حققه شخص من قبله إذا اتبع نفس لاستراتيجية. لذلك بتطبيق هذه الطريقة املجربة والناجحة ستتمكن من الوصول إلى هدفك. ثانيا تعلم اللغة إلانجليزية يحتاج إلى صبر تأني وروية. وذلك ألسباب كثيرة من إختلف الحروف ألابجدية بين إلانجليزية والعربية وصوال إلى اختلف الثقافة إلانجليزية والعربية. لذلك وضع هذا البرنامج أمامكم الذي يستمر ملدة 581 يوما هو جزء من إيقاننا التام أن تعلم اللغة هي عملية مستمرة ولكنها تحتاج بداية متأنية وتأسييس صحيح. ثالثا هناك رهبة وخوف عند البعض من عدم قدرتهم على تعلم اللغة إلانجليزية. وألاسباب في الغالب معلومة ومتفهمة أيلا. لذلك سعينا في هذا الكتاب للبدأ التدريجي في املقاالت حتى نتيح الفرصة للكل للتعلم التدريجي. لذلك حتى وإن وجدت املقاالت ألاولى سهله التحاول أن تستعجل بالقفز إلى املقاالت ألاصعب. وفي نفس إلاطار إن وجدت املقاالت ألاولى صعبه هذا ال يعني أنك لن تستطيع تعلم اللغة ولكن هذا فقط 13

14 يعني أنك ستحتاج إلى تريث فقط وعدم استعجال املقال الذي يفترض أن يأخذ منك ساعة أو أقل. إذا أخذ منك ساعتين البأس في ذلك. خذ كل الوقت الذي تحتاجه إلنجازه بالطريقة املشروحة في هذا الكتاب. رابعا يجب أن تبقي على رغبة دائما للتعلم ولاستزادة. ومن خلل هذه املنهجية قمنا بعمل بعض ألامور التي ستساعدك على ذلك وهي كالتالي: 0. إذا حصلت على الكتاب أنت وبعض زملئك في الجامعة أو العمل أو املدرسة اقترح عليهم لاجتماع ولو يوما في إلاسبوع للتدرب على بعض املقاالت سويا وممارسة اللغة إلانجليزية. في هذا تشجيع لبعلكم البعض وستلفي جوا حماسيا ممتعا لعملية التعلم. 2. من خلل املنتدى املوجود في املوقع إلالكتروني الخاص بالكتاب ( املنتدى العام( أ كتب موضوعا عن رغبتك في التعرف على من حصلوا على الكتاب وهم في مدينتك حتى تجتمعوا سويا للعمل على املقاالت وممارسة اللغة إلانجليزية وتشجيع بعلكم البعض. قم باالستفادة من الصوتيات واملرئيات املوجودة على املوقع.)english.proffg.com( ضع أمامك هدفا محددا مثل النجاح في IELTS بدرجة 1 أو 7 مثل. هذا سيساعدك على التركيز. أيلا قم باالستفادة من كل املصادر.3.4 الخاصة باختبارات اللغة إلانجليزية املوجودة على موقع الكتاب. خامسا هذا الكتاب مثالي ملن لديه مبادئ اللغة إلانجليزية ويستطيع قراءة الجمل )حتى لو لم يفهم معناها(. مثل حامل الثانوية العامة أو شخص تعلم ذاتيا من خلل وسائل إلاعلم أو شخص أخذ بعص الدورات في اللغة إلانجليزية. إن لم تكن لديك مبادئ اللغة إلانجليزية فستجد صعوبة في هذا الكتاب أنححك بأخذ دورة لتعلم الحروف ومبادئ اللغة ومن ثم العودة إلى الكتاب مرة أخرى. أخيرا تأكد من اتباع تعليمات الطريقة بحذافيرها إبتداء من قراءة القطعة بصوت عالي ثم طريقة ترجمة الكلمات والتعرف على طريقة نطقها من خلل قاموس. وأخيرا إحرص إن أمكنك أن ترفع مقاالتك ملوقع الكتاب حتى يقوم أحد املدرسين بتححيحه لك وإعطائك بعض النصائح. بالتوفيق للجميع أنت لان جاهز للبدأ ستبدأ بمقاالت املستوى ألاول بالتوفيق. 14

15 Level 1 15

16 Level 1 Article Number: 1 Title: The Farmer and His Sons A father, being on the point of death, wished to be sure that his sons would give the same attention to his farm as he himself had given it. He called them to his bedside and said, "My sons, there is a great treasure hid in one of my vineyards." The sons, after his death, took their spades and mattocks and carefully dug over every portion of their land. They found no treasure, but the vines repaid their labor by an extraordinary and superabundant crop. Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 16

17 Level 1 Article Number: 2 Title: The Shepherd and the Wolf A Shepherd once found the whelp of a Wolf and brought it up, and after a while taught it to steal lambs from the neighboring flocks. The Wolf, having shown himself an apt pupil, said to the Shepherd, "Since you have taught me to steal, you must keep a sharp lookout, or you will lose some of your own flock." Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 17

18 Level 1 Article Number: 3 Title: The Crab and Its Mother A Crab said to her son, "Why do you walk so one-sided, my child? It is far more becoming to go straight forward." The young Crab replied: "Quite true, dear Mother; and if you will show me the straight way, I will promise to walk in it." The Mother tried in vain, and submitted without remonstrance to the reproof of her child. Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 18

19 Level 1 Article Number: 4 Title: The Heifer and the Ox A Heifer saw an Ox hard at work harnessed to a plow, and tormented him with reflections on his unhappy fate in being compelled to labor. Shortly afterwards, at the harvest festival, the owner released the Ox from his yoke, but bound the Heifer with cords and led him away to the altar to be slain in honor of the occasion. The Ox saw what was being done, and said with a smile to the Heifer: "For this you were allowed to live in idleness, because you were presently to be sacrificed." Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 19

20 Level 1 Article Number: 5 Title: The Swallow, the Serpent, and the Court of Justice A Swallow, returning from abroad and especially fond of dwelling with men, built herself a nest in the wall of a Court of Justice and there hatched seven young birds. A Serpent gliding past the nest from its hole in the wall ate up the young unfledged nestlings. The Swallow, finding her nest empty, lamented greatly and exclaimed: "Woe to me a stranger! that in this place where all others' rights are protected, I alone should suffer wrong." Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 20

21 Level 1 Article Number: 6 Title: The Old Man and Death An Old Man was employed in cutting wood in the forest, and, in carrying the faggots to the city for sale one day, became very wearied with his long journey. He sat down by the wayside, and throwing down his load, besought "Death" to come. "Death" immediately appeared in answer to his summons and asked for what reason he had called him. The Old Man hurriedly replied, "That, lifting up the load, you may place it again upon my shoulders." Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 21

22 Level 1 Article Number: 7 Title: The Man Bitten By a Dog A Man who had been bitten by a Dog went about in quest of someone who might heal him. A friend, meeting him and learning what he wanted, said, "If you would be cured, take a piece of bread, and dip it in the blood from your wound, and go and give it to the Dog that bit you." The Man who had been bitten laughed at this advice and said, "Why? If I should do so, it would be as if I should beg every Dog in the town to bite me." Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 22

23 Level 1 Article Number: 8 Title: The Two Pots A river carried down in its stream two Pots, one made of earthenware and the other of brass. The Earthen Pot said to the Brass Pot, "Pray keep at a distance and do not come near me, for if you touch me ever so slightly, I shall be broken in pieces, and besides, I by no means wish to come near you." Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 23

24 Level 1 Article Number: 9 Title: The Wolf and the Sheep A Wolf, sorely wounded and bitten by dogs, lay sick and maimed in his lair. Being in want of food, he called to a Sheep who was passing, and asked him to fetch some water from a stream flowing close beside him. "For," he said, "if you will bring me drink, I will find means to provide myself with meat." "Yes," said the Sheep, "if I should bring you the draught, you would doubtless make me provide the meat also." Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 24

25 Level 1 Article Number: 10 Title: Feeding An Animal Is Also Full Of Virtue Prophet Mohammed was once performing ablution (Wudhu) for prayers from a pot of water. A cat passed there and turned its eyes at the pot of water with a thirsty look. The Prophet realised at once that the cat was very thirsty, so he stopped the ablution (Wudhu) and placed the pot before the cat. Only after the cat had fully quenched its thirst, did the Prophet resume the ablution (Wudhu). Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 25

26 Level 1 Article Number: 11 Title: The Fisherman and His Nets A Fisherman, engaged in his calling, made a very successful cast and captured a great haul of fish. He managed by a skillful handling of his net to retain all the large fish and to draw them to the shore; but he could not prevent the smaller fish from falling back through the meshes of the net into the sea. Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 26

27 Level 1 Article Number: 12 Title: The Widow and the Sheep A certain poor widow had one solitary Sheep. At shearing time, wishing to take his fleece and to avoid expense, she sheared him herself, but used the shears so unskillfully that with the fleece she sheared the flesh. The Sheep, writhing with pain, said, "Why do you hurt me so, Mistress? What weight can my blood add to the wool? If you want my flesh, there is the butcher, who will kill me in an instant; but if you want my fleece and wool, there is the shearer, who will shear and not hurt me." Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 27

28 Level 1 Article Number: 13 Title: The Eagle and the Arrow An Eagle sat on a lofty rock, watching the movements of a Hare whom he sought to make his prey. An archer, who saw the Eagle from a place of concealment, took an accurate aim and wounded him mortally. The Eagle gave one look at the arrow that had entered his heart and saw in that single glance that its feathers had been furnished by himself. "It is a double grief to me," he exclaimed, "that I should perish by an arrow feathered from my own wings." Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 28

29 Level 1 Article Number: 14 Title: The Sick Kite A father, being on the point of death, wished to be sure that his sons would give the same attention to his farm as he himself had given it. He called them to his bedside and said, "My sons, there is a great treasure hid in one of my vineyards." The sons, after his death, took their spades and mattocks and carefully dug over every portion of their land. They found no treasure, but the vines repaid their labor by an extraordinary and superabundant crop. Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 29

30 Level 1 Article Number: 15 Title: The Wolf and the Housedog A Wolf, meeting a big well-fed Mastiff with a wooden collar about his neck asked him who it was that fed him so well and yet compelled him to drag that heavy log about wherever he went. "The master," he replied. Then said the Wolf: "May no friend of mine ever be in such a plight; for the weight of this chain is enough to spoil the appetite." Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 30

31 Level 1 Article Number: 16 Title: The Boy Hunting Locusts A boy was hunting for locusts. He had caught a goodly number, when he saw a Scorpion, and mistaking him for a locust, reached out his hand to take him. The Scorpion, showing his sting, said: If you had but touched me, my friend, you would have lost me, and all your locusts too!" Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 31

32 Level 1 Article Number: 17 Title: The Ants and the Grasshopper The ants were spending a fine winter's day drying grain collected in the summertime. A Grasshopper, perishing with famine, passed by and earnestly begged for a little food. The Ants inquired of him, "Why did you not treasure up food during the summer?' He replied, "I had not leisure enough. I passed the days in singing." They then said in derision: "If you were foolish enough to sing all the summer, you must dance supperless to bed in the winter." Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 32

33 Level 1 Article Number: 18 Title: The Traveler and His Dog A traveler about to set out on a journey saw his Dog stand at the door stretching himself. He asked him sharply: "Why do you stand there gaping? Everything is ready but you, so come with me instantly." The Dog, wagging his tail, replied: "O, master! I am quite ready; it is you for whom I am waiting." Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 33

34 Level 1 Article Number: 19 Title: The Dog and the Shadow A Dog, crossing a bridge over a stream with a piece of flesh in his mouth, saw his own shadow in the water and took it for that of another Dog, with a piece of meat double his own in size. He immediately let go of his own, and fiercely attacked the other Dog to get his larger piece from him. He thus lost both: that which he grasped at in the water, because it was a shadow; and his own, because the stream swept it away. Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 34

35 Level 1 Article Number: 20 Title: The Mole and His Mother A Mole, a creature blind from birth, once said to his Mother: "I am sure than I can see, Mother!" In the desire to prove to him his mistake, his Mother placed before him a few grains of frankincense, and asked, "What is it?' The young Mole said, "It is a pebble." His Mother exclaimed: "My son, I am afraid that you are not only blind, but that you have lost your sense of smell. Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 35

36 Level 1 Article Number: 21 Title: The Farmer and the Snake One winter a Farmer found a Snake stiff and frozen with cold. He had compassion on it, and taking it up, placed it in his bosom. The Snake was quickly revived by the warmth, and resuming its natural instincts, bit its benefactor, inflicting on him a mortal wound. "Oh," cried the Farmer with his last breath, "I am rightly served for pitying a scoundrel." Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 36

37 Level 1 Article Number: 22 Title: The Bear and the Fox A Bear boasted very much of his philanthropy, saying that of all animals he was the most tender in his regard for man, for he had such respect for him that he would not even touch his dead body. A Fox hearing these words said with a smile to the Bear, "Oh! that you would eat the dead and not the living." Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 37

38 Level 1 Article Number: 23 Title: The Mountain in Labor A Mountain was once greatly agitated. Loud groans and noises were heard, and crowds of people came from all parts to see what was the matter. While they were assembled in anxious expectation of some terrible calamity, out came a Mouse. Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 38

39 Level 1 Article Number: 24 Title: The Dog in the Manger A Dog lay in a manger, and by his growling and snapping prevented the oxen from eating the hay which had been placed for them. "What a selfish Dog!" said one of them to his companions; "he cannot eat the hay himself, and yet refuses to allow those to eat who can." Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 39

40 Level 1 Article Number: 25 Title: The Goat and the Goatherd A Goatherd had sought to bring back a stray goat to his flock. He whistled and sounded his horn in vain; the straggler paid no attention to the summons. At last the Goatherd threw a stone, and breaking its horn, begged the Goat not to tell his master. The Goat replied, "Why, you silly fellow, the horn will speak though I be silent." Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 40

41 Level 1 Article Number: 26 Title: The Hunter and the Woodman A Hunter, not very bold, was searching for the tracks of a Lion. He asked a man felling oaks in the forest if he had seen any marks of his footsteps or knew where his lair was. "I will," said the man, "at once show you the Lion himself." The Hunter, turning very pale and chattering with his teeth from fear, replied, "No, thank you. I did not ask that; it is his track only I am in search of, not the Lion himself." Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 41

42 Level 1 Article Number: 27 Title: The Wild Boar and the Fox A Wild Boar stood under a tree and rubbed his tusks against the trunk. A Fox passing by asked him why he thus sharpened his teeth when there was no danger threatening from either huntsman or hound. He replied, "I do it advisedly; for it would never do to have to sharpen my weapons just at the time I ought to be using them." Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 42

43 Level 1 Article Number: 28 Title: The Doe and the Lion A Doe hard pressed by hunters sought refuge in a cave belonging to a Lion. The Lion concealed himself on seeing her approach, but when she was safe within the cave, sprang upon her and tore her to pieces. "Woe is me," exclaimed the Doe, "who have escaped from man, only to throw myself into the mouth of a wild beast?' Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 43

44 Level 1 Article Number: 29 Title: The Seagull and the Kite A Seagull having bolted down too large a fish, burst its deep gullet-bag and lay down on the shore to die. A Kite saw him and exclaimed: "You richly deserve your fate; for a bird of the air has no business to seek its food from the sea." Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 44

45 Level 1 Article Number: 30 Title: The Bull and the Goat A Bull, escaping from a Lion, hid in a cave which some shepherds had recently occupied. As soon as he entered, a He-Goat left in the cave sharply attacked him with his horns. The Bull quietly addressed him: "Butt away as much as you will. I have no fear of you, but of the Lion. Let that monster go away and I will soon let you know what is the respective strength of a Goat and a Bull." Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 45

46 Level 1 Article Number: 31 Title: The Fox and the Leopard The Fox and the Leopard disputed which was the more beautiful of the two. The Leopard exhibited one by one the various spots which decorated his skin. But the Fox, interrupting him, said, "And how much more beautiful than you am I, who am decorated, not in body, but in mind." Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 46

47 Level 1 Article Number: 32 Title: The Wild Boar and the Fox A Wild Boar stood under a tree and rubbed his tusks against the trunk. A Fox passing by asked him why he thus sharpened his teeth when there was no danger threatening from either huntsman or hound. He replied, "I do it advisedly; for it would never do to have to sharpen my weapons just at the time I ought to be using them." Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 47

48 Level 1 Article Number: 33 Title: The Shepherd and the Dog A Shepherd penning his sheep in the fold for the night was about to shut up a wolf with them, when his Dog perceiving the wolf said, "Master, how can you expect the sheep to be safe if you admit a wolf into the fold?' Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 48

49 Level 1 Article Number: 34 Title: The Lamp A Lamp, soaked with too much oil and flaring brightly, boasted that it gave more light than the sun. Then a sudden puff of wind arose, and the Lamp was immediately extinguished. Its owner lit it again, and said: "Boast no more, but henceforth be content to give thy light in silence. Know that not even the stars need to be relit" Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 49

50 Level 1 Article Number: 35 Title: The Crab and the Fox A Crab, forsaking the seashore, chose a neighboring green meadow as its feeding ground. A Fox came across him, and being very hungry ate him up. Just as he was on the point of being eaten, the Crab said, "I well deserve my fate, for what business had I on the land, when by my nature and habits I am only adapted for the sea?' Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 50

51 Level 1 Article Number: 36 Title: The Hares and the Foxes The Hares waged war with the Eagles, and called upon the Foxes to help them. They replied, "We would willingly have helped you, if we had not known who you were, and with whom you were fighting." Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 51

52 Level 1 Article Number: 37 Title: The Wasp and the Snake A Wasp seated himself upon the head of a Snake and, striking him unceasingly with his stings, wounded him to death. The Snake, being in great torment and not knowing how to rid himself of his enemy, saw a wagon heavily laden with wood, and went and purposely placed his head under the wheels, saying, "At least my enemy and I shall perish together." Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 52

53 Level 1 Article Number: 38 Title: The Walnut-Tree A Walnut-Tree standing by the roadside bore an abundant crop of fruit. For the sake of the nuts, the passers-by broke its branches with stones and sticks. The Walnut-Tree piteously exclaimed, "O wretched me! that those whom I cheer with my fruit should repay me with these painful requitals!" Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 53

54 Level 1 Article Number: 39 Title: The Fox and the Lion When a Fox who had never yet seen a Lion, fell in with him by chance for the first time in the forest, he was so frightened that he nearly died with fear. On meeting him for the second time, he was still much alarmed, but not to the same extent as at first. On seeing him the third time, he so increased in boldness that he went up to him and commenced a familiar conversation with him. Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 54

55 Level 1 Article Number: 40 Title: The Boy Bathing A boy bathing in a river was in danger of being drowned. He called out to a passing traveler for help, but instead of holding out a helping hand, the man stood by unconcernedly, and scolded the boy for his imprudence. "Oh, sir!" cried the youth, "pray help me now and scold me afterwards." Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 55

56 Level 1 Article Number: 41 Title: The Fox and the Grapes A famished Fox saw some clusters of ripe black grapes hanging from a trellised vine. She resorted to all her tricks to get at them, but wearied herself in vain, for she could not reach them. At last she turned away, hiding her disappointment and saying: "The Grapes are sour, and not ripe as I thought." Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 56

57 Level 1 Article Number: 42 Title: The Wolf and the Goat A Wolf saw a Goat feeding at the summit of a steep precipice, where he had no chance of reaching her. He called to her and earnestly begged her to come lower down, lest she fall by some mishap; and he added that the meadows lay where he was standing, and that the herbage was most tender. She replied, "No, my friend, it is not for the pasture that you invite me, but for yourself, who are in want of food." Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 57

58 Level 1 Article Number: 43 Title: The Wolf, the Fox, and the Ape A Wolf accused a Fox of theft, but the Fox entirely denied the charge. An Ape undertook to adjudge the matter between them. When each had fully stated his case the Ape announced this sentence: "I do not think you, Wolf, ever lost what you claim; and I do believe you, Fox, to have stolen what you so stoutly deny." Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 58

59 Level 1 Article Number: 44 Title: The Fox and the Mask A Fox entered the house of an actor and, rummaging through all his properties, came upon a Mask, an admirable imitation of a human head. He placed his paws on it and said, "What a beautiful head! Yet it is of no value, as it entirely lacks brains." Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 59

60 Level 1 Article Number: 45 Title: The Geese and the Cranes The Geese and the Cranes were feeding in the same meadow, when a bird catcher came to ensnare them in his nets. The Cranes, being light of wing, fled away at his approach; while the Geese, being slower of flight and heavier in their bodies, were captured. Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 60

61 Level 1 Article Number: 46 Title: The Dogs and the Fox Some Dogs, finding the skin of a lion, began to tear it in pieces with their teeth. A Fox, seeing them, said, "If this lion were alive, you would soon find out that his claws were stronger than your teeth." Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 61

62 Level 1 Article Number: 47 Title: The Wolf and the Horse A Wolf coming out of a field of oats met a Horse and thus addressed him: "I would advise you to go into that field. It is full of fine oats, which I have left untouched for you, as you are a friend whom I would love to hear enjoying good eating." The Horse replied, "If oats had been the food of wolves, you would never have indulged your ears at the cost of your belly." Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 62

63 Level 1 Article Number: 48 Title: The Crow and Mercury A Crow caught in a snare prayed to Apollo to release him, making a vow to offer some frankincense at his shrine. But when rescued from his danger, he forgot his promise. Shortly afterwards, again caught in a snare, he passed by Apollo and made the same promise to offer frankincense to Mercury. Mercury soon appeared and said to him, "O thou most base fellow? how can I believe thee, who hast disowned and wronged thy former patron?' Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 63

64 Level 1 Article Number: 49 Title: The Quack Frog A Frog once upon a time came forth from his home in the marsh and proclaimed to all the beasts that he was a learned physician, skilled in the use of drugs and able to heal all diseases. A Fox asked him, "How can you pretend to prescribe for others, when you are unable to heal your own lame gait and wrinkled skin?' Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction.. 64

65 Level 1 Article Number: 50 Title: The Dog's House In the wintertime, a Dog curled up in as small a space as possible on account of the cold, determined to make himself a house. However when the summer returned again, he lay asleep stretched at his full length and appeared to himself to be of a great size. Now he considered that it would be neither an easy nor a necessary work to make himself such a house as would accommodate him. Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 65

66 Level 1 Article Number: 51 Title: The Trumpeter Taken Prisoner A Trumpeter, bravely leading on the soldiers, was captured by the enemy. He cried out to his captors, "Pray spare me, and do not take my life without cause or without inquiry. I have not slain a single man of your troop. I have no arms, and carry nothing but this one brass trumpet." "That is the very reason for which you should be put to death," they said; "for, while you do not fight yourself, your trumpet stirs all the others to battle." Writing Area Number 1 Writing Area Number 2 Writing Area Number 3 After completing Writing Area Number 3, please submit it to for correction. 66

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